{"id":4666,"date":"2023-07-28T13:19:00","date_gmt":"2023-07-28T10:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wonder-corporation.com\/?p=4666"},"modified":"2025-08-11T17:28:04","modified_gmt":"2025-08-11T14:28:04","slug":"impact-of-environmental-conditions-on-yields","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wonder-corporation.com\/en\/impact-of-environmental-conditions-on-yields\/","title":{"rendered":"Impact of environmental conditions on yields"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"The countries\u2019 natural resource base and the intelligent approach of farmers guarantee rich harvests.<\/em> But some factors cannot be graded and conquered even by knowledge and innovation. Climate and environmental conditions change the physical and chemical properties of soils, affecting the productivity of terrestrial ecosystems and the ability to generate a certain amount of biomass.<\/span><\/p>\n

Temperature changes during the growing season even by 1 \u00b0C can significantly impact the process of plant development. For example, wheat ripening will accelerate by a week, and corn even by 2. <\/span><\/p>\n

Similar temperature shifts change the rainfall regime, increasing the risk of soil erosion.<\/span><\/p>\n

In the article, we will consider the expressions of global climate changes and all the ways of reducing the negative impact on the harvest due to the timely <\/span>usage<\/span> of necessary <\/span>fertilizers<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

How to reduce the results of negative effects on the plant by correctly and timely usage of fertilizers<\/b><\/h2>\n

There are primary (direct) and secondary (indirect) factors of climatic conditions that can affect plants development and the efficiency of fertilizer use. Evolutionarily, plants maybe can adapt to the existence conditions (this is evidenced by heat, drought and winter resistance of varieties and hybrids), but frequent and significant influence of negative climate-forming factors can deplete the crops and even cause their death. Let\u2019s consider separate factors and their impact on plants and fertilizer digestibility.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Type of factor<\/b><\/td>\nImpact factor<\/b><\/td>\nImpact factor<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n

Primary (direct)<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n

High temperatures<\/span><\/td>\nAt the cellular level, they provoke the destruction of chlorophyll, proteins and nucleic acids. As a result, indicators of the photochemical activity of chloroplasts, carbohydrate, nitrogen and lipid metabolism of plants decrease.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Freezes<\/span><\/td>\nLead to complete or partial loss of turgor, destruction of chlorophyll and color change. The rate of metabolism, growth processes decreases. After the loss of physiological functions due to the disruption of nucleic acid metabolism, the plant dies.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Atmospheric and soil droughts<\/span><\/td>\nThe most significant damage is caused during periods of active growth and formation of generative organs, damaging the root system and reducing the intensity of photosynthesis processes. At the cellular level, polymeric compounds, polysaccharides, and proteins are broken down, which is the cause of the accumulation of harmful concentrations of ammonia, disruption of cytoplasmic structures.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lead to plants death with co-occur intense insolation.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Thermal shocks \u2014 short-term effects of temperatures above 45 \u00b0C<\/span><\/td>\nMinimize protective reactions against viral and fungal infections. At the cytoplasmic level, there is inhibition of movement, an increase in the density and coagulation of the cytoplasm and membrane semi-permeability. Pathological respiration occurs in plants, toxic substances are formed and accumulated.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Excessive cloudiness, poor lighting<\/span><\/td>\nProcess of tillering stops, the development of the root system, tuber and root crops deteriorates, the total mass of above-ground plant organs decreases due to a slowdown in the assimilation of nutrients. At the cellular level, the content of chlorophyll, nitrogenous compounds, sugars and other elements decreases.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Floods<\/span><\/td>\nFloodwaters can move harmful and toxic substances into plant-growing areas. Long stagnation causes the crops’ death: rye dies in 8\u201310 days, wheat in 7\u20138, barley in 5\u20136, oat germs in 10 days.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
High solar radiation<\/span><\/td>\nInfrared radiation suppresses metabolic processes capable of changing the content of water, salt, phytohormones and proteins in the cell.<\/span><\/p>\n

The anatomical shape of the leaf is lost with prolonged action of the factor. Buds and fruits that have just formed may fall.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Secondary (indirect)<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n

Shifts of \u200b\u200bcultivation area of certain plants<\/span><\/td>\nSpecies and types that have already “accustomed” to certain temperature conditions will not adapt to new ones. The efficiency of fertigation measures decreases to 60 %.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Appearance of pests and diseases<\/span><\/td>\nMany bacterial diseases spread due to damage by agricultural tools and fallouts in the form of hail, heavy rain, wind gusts that injure plants. Pests appear in fruits, stems and leaves that can infect organs with viral and bacterial diseases:<\/span><\/p>\n
    \n
  • nematodes,<\/span><\/li>\n
  • vascular wilt,<\/span><\/li>\n
  • mucous bacteriosis,<\/span><\/li>\n
  • yellowing,<\/span><\/li>\n
  • tissue necrosis.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Formations of soil erosion<\/span><\/td>\nErosion appears as a result of the movement of the upper layer of the earth, improper use of herbicides. It leads to a range of plants diseases:<\/span><\/p>\n